The Difference Between Vector and Raster Graphics

Tom McCracken

Feb 08 |08:37

Vector and Raster Graphics

There are two types of computer graphics: vector and raster. The difference between vector and raster graphics is that vector graphics are composed of paths, while raster graphics are composed of pixels. Raster graphics are also called bitmap images.

Vector Graphics

Vector graphics use mathematical relationships between points, lines, curves, and shapes to represent an image. Since vector graphics are not made of pixels, images can be scaled to very large sizes without losing quality. The two popular file extensions for vectors are EPS and AI. Adobe Illustrator is the most commonly used program for creating and editing vector files.

Format advantages include:

Endless scalability
Smooth curves
Small file sizes

Raster (Bitmap) Images

A raster (bitmap) image uses a rectangular grid of individual pixels where each pixel can be a different color. Since raster graphics are made of pixels, images become blocky or pixelated when enlarged. The three popular file extensions for rasters are JPG, GIF and TIF. Adobe Photoshop is the most commonly used program for creating and editing raster files.

Format advantages inculde: